11 mai 2021

Association entre la puissance de l'électroencéphalographie spectrale et le risque et le diagnostic d'autisme au début du développement

Aperçu: G.M.

Le "trouble du spectre de l'autisme" (TSA) trouve son origine dans le développement atypique des réseaux cérébraux. Les nourrissons qui présentent un risque familial élevé de TSA et qui sont diagnostiqués plus tard avec un TSA présentent une activité atypique dans les mesures oscillatoires d'électroencéphalographie (EEG) multiples. Cependant, les études sur les nourrissons et les frères et sœurs sont souvent limitées par la petite taille des échantillons.
Nous avons utilisé l'International Infant EEG Data Integration Platform, un ensemble de données multi-sites avec 432 participants, dont 222 à haut risque de TSA, auprès desquels des mesures répétées d'EEG ont été collectées entre 3 et 36 mois.
Nous avons appliqué un modèle de courbe de croissance latente pour tester si le statut de risque familial prédit les trajectoires de développement de la puissance spectrale au cours des 3 premières années de la vie, et si ces trajectoires prédisent l'issue des TSA. 

Un changement de puissance spectrale EEG dans toutes les bandes de fréquences s'est produit au cours des 3 premières années de vie. Le risque familial, mais pas un diagnostic ultérieur de TSA, était associé à une puissance réduite à 3 mois et à un changement développemental plus marqué entre 3 et 36 mois dans presque toutes les bandes de puissance absolue.
Le résultat du TSA n'était pas associé à l'interception de puissance absolue ou à la pente. Aucune association n'a été trouvée entre le risque ou le résultat et le pouvoir relatif. 

Cette étude a appliqué une approche analytique non utilisée dans les études prospectives antérieures sur les biomarqueurs des TSA, qui a été modélisée pour refléter la relation temporelle entre la susceptibilité génétique, le développement du cerveau et le diagnostic des TSA.
Les trajectoires de puissance spectrale semblent être prédites par le risque familial; cependant, la puissance spectrale ne permet pas de prédire le résultat du diagnostic au-delà du statut de risque familial. Les divergences entre les résultats actuels et les études précédentes sont discutées. 

RÉSUMÉ: Les nourrissons dont un frère ou une sœur plus âgé reçoit un diagnostic de TSA courent un risque accru de développer eux-mêmes un TSA. Cet article a testé si la puissance spectrale EEG au cours de la première année de vie peut prédire si ces nourrissons ont développé ou non un TSA. 

Association between spectral electroencephalography power and autism risk and diagnosis in early development

Scott Huberty  1 , Virginia Carter Leno  2 , Stefon J R van Noordt  1 , Rachael Bedford  2   3 , Andrew Pickles  2 , James A Desjardins  4 , Sara Jane Webb  5 , BASIS Team; Mayada Elsabbagh  1
Affiliations

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has its origins in the atypical development of brain networks. Infants who are at high familial risk for, and later diagnosed with ASD, show atypical activity in multiple electroencephalography (EEG) oscillatory measures. However, infant-sibling studies are often constrained by small sample sizes. We used the International Infant EEG Data Integration Platform, a multi-site dataset with 432 participants, including 222 at high-risk for ASD, from whom repeated measurements of EEG were collected between the ages of 3-36 months. We applied a latent growth curve model to test whether familial risk status predicts developmental trajectories of spectral power across the first 3 years of life, and whether these trajectories predict ASD outcome. Change in spectral EEG power in all frequency bands occurred during the first 3 years of life. Familial risk, but not a later diagnosis of ASD, was associated with reduced power at 3 months, and a steeper developmental change between 3 and 36 months in nearly all absolute power bands. ASD outcome was not associated with absolute power intercept or slope. No associations were found between risk or outcome and relative power. This study applied an analytic approach not used in previous prospective biomarker studies of ASD, which was modeled to reflect the temporal relationship between genetic susceptibility, brain development, and ASD diagnosis. Trajectories of spectral power appear to be predicted by familial risk; however, spectral power does not predict diagnostic outcome above and beyond familial risk status. Discrepancies between current results and previous studies are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Infants with an older sibling who is diagnosed with ASD are at increased risk of developing ASD themselves. This article tested whether EEG spectral power in the first year of life can predict whether these infants did or did not develop ASD.

Keywords: EEG; autism spectrum disorders; infants; siblings.

References

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Relations entre le revenu du ménage et le comportement indépendant fonctionnel des enfants autistes

 Aperçu: G.M.

Les enfants des ménages à faible revenu sont moins susceptibles de recevoir un diagnostic de "trouble du spectre de l'autisme" (TSA) et le diagnostic est souvent retardé. L'absence ou le retard d'identification des TSA minimise la capacité d'un enfant à recevoir des services d'intervention précoce efficaces qui soutiennent le développement des compétences d'autonomie fonctionnelle.
La recherche n'a pas encore identifié les relations entre l'indépendance fonctionnelle et le revenu du ménage pour les enfants autistes.
Une enquête nationale transversale auprès de 231 soignants d'enfants autistes âgés de 2 à 12 ans a été menée. Les soignants ont répondu à un sondage de 90 minutes portant sur la démographie de la famille, les services d'intervention, la gravité des symptômes de l'autisme et les résultats comportementaux fonctionnels des enfants.
Des différences significatives dans les scores de comportement d'indépendance fonctionnelle ont été identifiées pour les enfants des catégories de revenu le plus élevé et le plus bas lors du contrôle de la gravité des symptômes de l'autisme, de l'âge du diagnostic et de la réception des services d'intervention. Cette étude fournit des preuves préliminaires à l'appui de l'association entre le revenu et le comportement fonctionnel indépendant des enfants autistes.

2021 May 6;15394492211012654.  doi: 10.1177/15394492211012654. 

Relationships Between Household Income and Functional Independent Behavior for Children With Autism

Brittany St John  1 , Karla Ausderau  1
Affiliations

Abstract

Children in lower income households are less likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and diagnosis is often delayed. Lack of or delayed identification of ASD minimizes a child's ability to receive effective early intervention services that support development of functional independence skills. Research has yet to identify relationships between functional independence and household income for children with ASD. A cross-sectional national survey with 231 caregivers of children with autism aged 2-12 years was conducted. Caregivers completed a 90-min survey examining family demographics, intervention services, autism symptom severity, and children's functional behavioral outcomes. Significant differences in functional independence behavior scores were identified for children from the highest and lowest income categories when controlling for autism symptom severity, age of diagnosis, and receipt of intervention services. This study provides preliminary evidence to support the association between income and functional independent behavior for children with ASD.

Keywords: activities of daily living; autism; children; functional outcomes.


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Relations entre les comportements restreints et répétitifs et les aptitudes sociales chez les tout-petits autistes

 Aperçu: G.M.

 Nous avons examiné les relations entre les comportements restreints et répétitifs (CRR :  insistance sur la similitude, les comportements sensori-moteurs répétitifs, l'automutilation) avec les compétences sociales en général et les aspects qui comprennent les compétences sociales telles que mesurées par le VABS-II (capacités d'adaptation, jeu / loisirs temps, relations interpersonnelles) chez les tout-petits de 24 (n = 63) et 36 mois (n = 35), à haut risque familial et diagnostiqués TSA.
Les résultats de la régression linéaire hiérarchique ont indiqué que la répétition sensori-motrice était le meilleur prédicteur des habiletés sociales en général.
Les résultats secondaires ont indiqué que les trois sous-types de CRR étaient associés à chaque sous-domaine de compétences sociales; cependant, les effets sensori-moteurs répétitifs étaient les plus forts et les plus constants parmi ces effets.
Bien que nos résultats suggèrent une relation négative générale entre les sous-types de CRR et les aspects de la fonction sociale adaptative, les comportements sensori-moteurs répétitifs peuvent être particulièrement pertinents pour le développement des compétences sociales pendant la petite enfance.

doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05014-8. 

Relations of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors to Social Skills in Toddlers with Autism

Pang Chaxiong  1 , Catherine Burrows  1 , Kelly N Botteron  2 , Stephen R Dager  3 , Annette M Estes  3 , Heather C Hazlett  4 , Robert T Schultz  5 , Lonnie Zwaigenbaum  6 , Joseph Piven #  4 , Jason Wolff #  7 , IBIS Network
Collaborators, Affiliations

Abstract

We examined the relations of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB; insistence on sameness, repetitive sensory-motor, self-injurious behavior) to social skills overall and aspects that comprise social skills as measured by the VABS-II (coping skills, play/leisure time, interpersonal relationships) in 24- (n = 63) and 36-month old (n = 35), high-familial-risk toddlers with ASD. Hierarchical linear regression results indicated that repetitive sensory-motor was the best predictor of social skills overall. Secondary results indicated that all three RRB subtypes were associated with each subdomain of social skills; however, repetitive sensory-motor was the strongest and most consistent among these effects. While our results suggests a general negative relation of subtypes of RRB to aspects of adaptive social function, repetitive sensory-motor behaviors may be of particular relevance to the development of social skills during toddlerhood.

Keywords: Autism; Insistence on sameness; Repetitive sensory-motor; Restricted repetitive behavior; Self-injurious behavior; Social skills.

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