Aperçu: G.M.
Les
troubles du spectre de l'autisme (TSA) sont des conditions
neurodéveloppementales multipartites et multifactorielles, caractérisées
par des altérations de la communication et de l'interaction sociales,
et des comportements, des intérêts ou des activités restreints et
répétitifs. Les options de traitement pour améliorer les symptômes des TSA sont limitées.
Les
recherches bibliographiques sur EMBASE, MEDLINE et PsycINFO ont permis
d'identifier 43 études pour l'évaluation qualitative de la
caractérisation de base des participants et 37 études pour l'analyse
quantitative des modérateurs de la réponse au traitement.
Peu
d'essais ont rapporté des caractéristiques de base adéquates pour
permettre une analyse détaillée de la réponse au traitement. Il
faut tenir compte de la situation géographique, de la gravité de base
et de la fonction intellectuelle pour assurer la généralisation des
résultats. L'utilisation de marqueurs biologiques et de corrélats dans les essais TSA en est encore à ses balbutiements.
Il est grandement nécessaire d'améliorer l'application de la
caractérisation de base et l'incorporation de marqueurs biologiques et
corrélés pour permettre la sélection des participants en sous-groupes
homogènes et pour documenter la réponse au traitement dans les TSA.
Psychol Med. 2017 May;47(7):1323-1334. doi: 10.1017/S0033291716003457. Epub 2017 Jan 16.
A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of pharmacological and dietary supplement interventions in paediatric autism: moderators of treatment response and recommendations for future research
Author information
- 1
- Autism Clinic for Translational Research,Brain and Mind Centre,Central Clinical School,Sydney Medical School,University of Sydney,Camperdown,NSW,Australia.
- 2
- Regenerative Neuroscience Group,Brain and Mind Centre,University of Sydney,Camperdown,NSW,Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are pervasive and multifactorial neurodevelopmental conditions, characterized by impairments in social communication and interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities. Treatment options to ameliorate symptoms of ASDs are limited. Heterogeneity complicates the quest for personalized medicine in this population. Our aim was to investigate if there are baseline characteristics of patients that moderate response or trial design features that impede the identification of efficacious interventions for ASDs.METHOD:
Literature searches of EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO identified 43 studies for qualitative assessment of baseline characterization of participants and 37 studies for quantitative analysis of moderators of treatment response. Criteria included blinded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in paediatric ASD, with at least 10 participants per arm or 20 overall, of oral treatments, including pharmacological interventions and dietary supplements.RESULTS:
Random-effects meta-analysis of 1997 participants (81% male) identified three moderators associated with an increase in treatment response: trials located in Europe and the Middle-East; outcome measures designated primary status; and the type of outcome measure. Inconsistent reporting of baseline symptom severity and intellectual functioning prevented analysis of these variables. Qualitative synthesis of baseline characteristics identified at least 31 variables, with only age and gender reported in all trials. Biological markers were included in six RCTs.CONCLUSIONS:
Few trials reported adequate baseline characteristics to permit detailed analysis of response to treatment. Consideration of geographical location, baseline severity and intellectual function is required to ensure generalizability of results. The use of biological markers and correlates in ASD trials remains in its infancy. There is great need to improve the application of baseline characterization and incorporation of biological markers and correlates to permit selection of participants into homogeneous subgroups and to inform response to treatment in ASD.- PMID: 28091344
- DOI: 10.1017/S0033291716003457