Aperçu: G.M.
À
ce jour, la recherche a principalement tenté d'établir des effets
fonctionnels en mesurant des concentrations endogènes altérées, en
observant les effets de l'administration exogène et en étudiant les
effets des polymorphismes et des modifications épigénétiques du gène du
récepteur de l'ocytocine.
Les chercheurs résument quelques-uns
des principaux résultats sur les effets comportementaux et
neurologiques qui ont été signalés chez des sujets sains dans le
contexte de la cognition sociale qui ont encouragé l'ocytocine à
représenter une cible thérapeutique prometteuse. Ils ont aussi identifié un certain nombre de domaines clés dans lesquels il existe un besoin
d'informations supplémentaires sur les stratégies de dosage optimales et
les interactions avec d'autres systèmes de peptides et d'émetteurs. Enfin,
ils ont résumé les résultats thérapeutiques de
l'administration d'oxytocine intranasale dans l'autisme et la
schizophrénie.
Les
résultats cliniques, bien que variés, offrent une
cause d'optimisme croissante sur le fait que le ciblage du système d'ocytocine peut
constituer une approche thérapeutique réussie pour le dysfonctionnement
social.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2017 Sep 2. doi: 10.1007/7854_2017_19.
Overview of Human Oxytocin Research
Kendrick KM1, Guastella AJ2,3, Becker B4.
Author information
- 1
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. k.kendrick.uestc@gmail.com.
- 2
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. adam.guastella@sydney.edu.au.
- 3
- Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. adam.guastella@sydney.edu.au.
- 4
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. ben_becker@gmx.de.
Abstract
Social
dysfunction is a core symptom of many psychiatric disorders and current
medications have little or no remedial effects on this. Following on
from extensive studies on animal models demonstrating that the
neuropeptide oxytocin plays an important role in social recognition and
bonding, human-based research has explored its therapeutic potential for
social dysfunction in psychiatric disorders. Here we outline the
historical background of this human-based research and some of the
current methodological challenges it is facing. To date, research has
primarily attempted to establish functional effects through measuring
altered endogenous concentrations, observing effects of exogenous
administration and by investigating the effects of polymorphisms and
epigenetic modifications of the oxytocin receptor gene. We summarize
some of the key findings on behavioral and neural effects that have been
reported in healthy subjects in the context of social cognition which
have provided encouragement that oxytocin could represent a promising
therapeutic target. At the same time, we have identified a number of key
areas where we urgently need further information about optimal dosing
strategies and interactions with other peptide and transmitter systems.
Finally, we have summarized current translational findings, particularly
in the context of therapeutic outcomes of intranasal oxytocin
administration in autism
and schizophrenia. These clinical findings while somewhat varied in
outcome do offer increasing cause for optimism that targeting the
oxytocin system may provide a successful therapeutic approach for social
dysfunction. However, future research needs to focus on the most
effective treatment strategy and which types of individuals are likely
to benefit most.
- PMID:28864976
- DOI:10.1007/7854_2017_19
