Traduction partielle : G.M.
Cognition. 2017 Jan 12;161:10-18. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2017.01.008.
The social nature of overimitation: Insights from Autism and Williams syndrome
Vivanti G1, Hocking DR2, Fanning P3, Dissanayake C3.
Author information
- 1A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, 3020 Market Street, Suite 560, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3734, USA; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia. Electronic address: giacomo.vivanti@drexel.edu
- 2Developmental Neuromotor & Cognition Lab, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Australia.
- 3Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
Abstract
Lors
de l'imitation d'actions nouvelles, les enfants d'âge préscolaire
avec un développement typique copient souvent des composantes de la
démonstration qui ne sont pas liées à l'objectif de l'action modélisée,
phénomène connu sous le nom de «surimitation».
When imitating novel actions, typically developing preschoolers often copy components of the demonstration that are unrelated to the modeled action's goal, a phenomenon known as 'overimitation'.
According to the social motivation account, overimitation fulfills social affiliation motives (i.e., the imitator's drive to experience social connectedness with the demonstrator and the social context). Conversely, according to the social-cognitive account, overimitation reflects overattribution of causal relevance (i.e., the imitator's failure to appreciate that some components of the demonstration are not relevant to the action's outcome). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and William syndrome (WS) are characterized by reduced and enhanced spontaneous social motivation, respectively, as well as similar impairments in social-cognition, thus providing helpful test cases to understand the nature of overimitation. Using a novel eye-tracking paradigm, we examined overimitation in 31 preschoolers with ASD, 18 age- and IQ-matched peers with WS, and 19 age-matched typically developing children.
Nous avons constaté que les enfants avec un syndrome de Williams et les enfants avec un développement typique étaient plus susceptibles de surimiter et d'attirer leur attention sur le visage du modèle lors de la démonstration d'actions causales non pertinentes par rapport à ceux avec TSA.
We found that children with WS and typically developing children were more likely to overimitate, and to increase their attention to the model's face during demonstration of causally irrelevant actions, compared to those with ASD.
These findings will be discussed in the context of support for the social-motivational account of overimitation.
When imitating novel actions, typically developing preschoolers often copy components of the demonstration that are unrelated to the modeled action's goal, a phenomenon known as 'overimitation'.
According to the social motivation account, overimitation fulfills social affiliation motives (i.e., the imitator's drive to experience social connectedness with the demonstrator and the social context). Conversely, according to the social-cognitive account, overimitation reflects overattribution of causal relevance (i.e., the imitator's failure to appreciate that some components of the demonstration are not relevant to the action's outcome). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and William syndrome (WS) are characterized by reduced and enhanced spontaneous social motivation, respectively, as well as similar impairments in social-cognition, thus providing helpful test cases to understand the nature of overimitation. Using a novel eye-tracking paradigm, we examined overimitation in 31 preschoolers with ASD, 18 age- and IQ-matched peers with WS, and 19 age-matched typically developing children.
Nous avons constaté que les enfants avec un syndrome de Williams et les enfants avec un développement typique étaient plus susceptibles de surimiter et d'attirer leur attention sur le visage du modèle lors de la démonstration d'actions causales non pertinentes par rapport à ceux avec TSA.
We found that children with WS and typically developing children were more likely to overimitate, and to increase their attention to the model's face during demonstration of causally irrelevant actions, compared to those with ASD.
These findings will be discussed in the context of support for the social-motivational account of overimitation.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS: Autism; Imitation; Overimitation; Social learning; Williams syndrome
- PMID: 28088702
- DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2017.01.008
