Maternité : Perspectives et expériences féminines d'être parent avec un diagnostic de TSA

Aperçu: G.M.

On sait peu de choses sur les pressions émotionnelles et la gestion pratique des défis quotidiens et des exigences intra et interpersonnelles d'élever un enfant en tant que parent avec un diagnostic de "trouble du spectre de l'autisme". 

La présente étude a utilisé une approche qualitative pour comprendre les perceptions des femmes diagnostiquées autistes d' « être un parent ». 

Huit entretiens semi-structurés ont été analysés à l'aide de l'analyse phénoménologique interprétative.

Les avantages et les défis d'être parent ont été mis en évidence aux côtés des compétences et des caractéristiques spécifiques à la population associées à la force et à la résilience, à l'amour, à l'éducation, à la routine et aux considérations sensorielles. 

Les résultats identifient le besoin d'un soutien parental spécialisé spécifique à la population, fournissent une orientation aux professionnels en milieu clinique et élargissent la rareté de la recherche dans ce domaine.

. 2021 Jun 9.   doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05122-5. 

Motherhood: Female Perspectives and Experiences of Being a Parent with ASC

Rebecca Winnard  ^{1   2} , Mark Roy  ^{1   2} , Hannah Butler-Coyne  ^{3   4}

Affiliations

• PMID: 34106393
• DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05122-5

Abstract

Little is known about the emotional pressures and practical management of daily challenges and, intra and interpersonal demands of raising a child as a parent with a diagnosis of Autistic Spectrum Conditions. The present study utilised a qualitative approach to understand perceptions of females diagnosed on the autistic spectrum of 'being a parent'. Eight semi-structured interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Benefits and challenges of being a parent were highlighted alongside population-specific skill and characteristics associated with strength and resilience, love, nurture, routine and sensory considerations. Findings identify the need for population-specific specialist parenting support, provide direction for professionals in clinical settings and expand the paucity of research in this area.

Keywords: Autistic spectrum conditions; Interpretative phenomenological analysis; Parenting.

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Intervention contextuelle adaptée au trouble du spectre de l'autisme: Un ECR d'un programme parental destiné aux parents d'enfants avec un diagnostic de "trouble du spectre de l'autisme (TSA)

Aperçu: G.M.

Objectifs:
Nous avons étudié les effets d'une intervention contextuelle adaptée aux "troubles du spectre de l'autisme" (IC-TSA), ainsi que des éléments essentiels de l'intervention visant à promouvoir la participation des enfants et l'auto-efficacité parentale des mères.
Matériaux et méthodes:
Dans cet essai contrôlé randomisé mené à Téhéran (Iran) en 2017, les participants (36 parents d'enfants avec un diagnostic de TSA) ont été assignés au hasard à des groupes de contrôle ou d'intervention sur liste d'attente. L'intervention comprenant une ergothérapie contextuellement réfléchissante combine 3 éléments: les schémas de traitement sensoriel, le coaching et le soutien social. Nous avons fourni le programme pour promouvoir la participation des enfants et l'efficacité des parents. Au cours de la phase 1, les participants du groupe d'intervention ont reçu un IC-TSA aussi longtemps que le traitement habituel (TAU) et, au cours de la phase 2, ils n'ont reçu que du TAU. Nous avons terminé les mesures de résultats à trois moments (avant l'intervention, après l'intervention et suivi). Nous avons mené des entrevues semi-structurées après l'intervention pour explorer l'acceptabilité de l'intervention et les expériences des participants au sujet de l'IC-TSA.
Résultats:
L'IC-TSA peut avoir des effets significatifs sur l’élimination des problèmes sensoriels, la promotion de la participation des enfants et l’efficacité de la parentalité dans les familles de TSA, par rapport au TAU. Les parents ont signalé un niveau d'acceptation élevé et ont également confirmé les réalisations de la famille.
Conclusion:
Ces gains suggèrent que l'IC-TSA est une intervention efficace pour les enfants avec un diagnostic de TSA et leurs familles, mais des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déclarer et généraliser les résultats au fil du temps. Les tailles d'effet estimées se situaient dans les fourchettes grandes et moyennes et ont favorisé le groupe d'intervention.

Iran J Child Neurol. 2019 Fall;13(4):19-35.

Contextual Intervention Adapted for Autism Spectrum Disorder: An RCT of a Parenting Program with Parents of Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Pashazadeh Azari Z^1,2, Hosseini SA¹, Rassafiani M³, Samadi SA⁴, Hoseinzadeh S⁵, Dunn W⁶.

Author information

1

Department of Occupational Therapy,University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

2

Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

3

Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

4

Department of Life and Health Science, University of Ulster, London, UK.

5

Biostatistics Department, University of Social Welfare & RehabilitationSciences, Tehran, Iran.

6

Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.

Abstract

Objectives:

We investigated the effects of a manualized Contextual Intervention adapted for Autism Spectrum Disorders (CI-ASD), and essential elements of the intervention in promoting children's participation and mothers' parenting self-efficacy.

Materials & Methods:

In this randomized controlled trial, conducted in Tehran, Iran in 2017, participants (36 parents of children with ASD) were randomly assigned to wait-list control or intervention groups. The intervention comprised contextually reflective occupational therapy combines 3 elements: sensory processing patterns, coaching, and social support. We provided the program to promote child's participation and parent's efficiency. During phase 1, the participants in the intervention group received CI-ASD as long as Treatment As Usual (TAU) and during phase 2 they received TAU only. We completed the outcome measures at three-time points (pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up). We conducted semi-structured interviews post-intervention to explore acceptability of intervention and participants' experiences of CI-ASD.

Results:

CI-ASD can produce meaningful effects in eliminating sensory issues, promoting child participation and parenting efficiency in ASD families, compared to TAU. Parents reported high levels of acceptance and also confirmed the family's achievements.

Conclusion:

These gains suggest CI-ASD as an effective intervention for children who have ASD and their families, but further studies are needed to declare and generalize the findings over time. Estimated effect sizes were in the large and medium ranges and favored the intervention group.

KEYWORDS:

Autism spectrum disorders; Coaching; Contextual intervention; Sensory processing patterns

PMID:31645864

La contribution des fonctions exécutives maternelles et de la capacité d'adaptation active à la dynamique affective dyadique: les enfants avec un diagnostic de "trouble du spectre de l'autisme" et leurs mères

Aperçu: G.M.

La parentalité est un effort cognitif, émotionnel et comportemental, dans lequel les capacités de contrôle des parents, y compris les fonctions exécutives et la maîtrise active du contrôle, aident les parents à orienter et à réguler les interactions avec leurs enfants. Cependant, peu de recherches ont étudié la manière dont ces capacités sont associées aux processus de régulation affective parent-enfant lors des interactions parent-enfant. 

Cette étude a examiné si les fonctions exécutives de la mère (attention soutenue, contrôle des inhibiteurs d’interférence, mémoire de travail) et l’adaptation active étaient liées à la flexibilité affective dyadique et aux interactions affectives mutuelles positives entre les mères et leurs jeunes enfants avec un diagnostic de "trouble du spectre de l'autisme" (N = 40). La flexibilité dyadique et l'affect positif mutuel ont été mesurés à l'aide d'une modélisation dynamique basée sur les systèmes de schémas affectifs seconde par seconde au cours d'une interaction mère-enfant. 

Les résultats ont montré que des niveaux plus élevés d'attention soutenue de la mère et de contrôle inhibiteur étaient associés à une flexibilité affective dyadique accrue. En outre, des niveaux plus élevés d’attention soutenue de la part de la mère et une plus grande utilisation de stratégies d’adaptation  étaient liés à un effet positif mutuel dyadique. 

Les résultats soulignent l’importance de la capacité de contrôle cognitif de la mère dans la promotion de processus de régulation adaptatifs dyadiques parent-enfant.

Autism. 2019 Oct 24:1362361319854653. doi: 10.1177/1362361319854653.

The contribution of maternal executive functions and active coping to dyadic affective dynamics: Children with autism spectrum disorder and their mothers

Zaidman-Zait A^1,2.

Author information

1

Tel Aviv University, Israel.

2

The University of British Columbia, Canada.

Abstract

Parenting is a cognitive, emotional, and behavioral endeavor, where parents' control capacities, including executive functions and active control coping, help parents to guide and regulate interactions with their children; yet limited research investigates how these capacities are associated with parent-child affective regulation processes during parent-child interactions. This study examined whether maternal executive functions (sustained attention, interference inhibitory control, working memory) and active engaged coping were related to dyadic affective flexibility and positive mutual affective interactions between mothers and their young children with autism spectrum disorders (N = 40). Dyadic flexibility and mutual positive affect were measured using dynamic systems-based modeling of second-by-second affective patterns during a mother-child interaction. The results showed that higher levels of maternal sustained attention and inhibitory control were related to increased dyadic affective flexibility. In addition, higher levels of maternal sustained attention and higher use of engaged coping were related to dyadic mutual positive affect. The findings highlight the importance of maternal cognitive control capacity in promoting adaptive parent-child dyadic regulatory processes.

PMID:31647318

DOI:10.1177/1362361319854653

Implication de l'intelligence émotionnelle dans la résilience et l'adaptation des mères d'enfants autistes

Aperçu: G.M.

Dans un contexte décrit comme un défi pour la parentalité (avoir un enfant autiste), nous avons cherché à mettre en évidence les compétences émotionnelles que les mères acquièrent du fait de leurs interactions avec leur enfant, et la façon dont elles utilisent ces compétences. 

Les mères d'enfants autistes (n = 136) et les mères d'enfants non autistes (n = 139) ont réagi aux échelles d'intelligence émotionnelle, de résilience et d'adaptation. Les comparaisons ont révélé des différences moins importantes que prévu entre les groupes.Néanmoins, les mères d'enfants autistes ont montré une plus grande capacité de résilience que les mères d'enfants non autistes. De plus, nous avons noté des différences entre les deux groupes en ce qui concerne leur utilisation des compétences émotionnelles. 

L'intelligence émotionnelle est une ressource qui mérite d'être explorée du point de vue de ses implications cliniques, en particulier chez les parents d'enfants autistes.

J Autism Dev Disord. 2019 Aug 28. doi: 10.1007/s10803-019-04177-9.

Involvement of Emotional Intelligence in Resilience and Coping in Mothers of Autistic Children

Manicacci M¹, Bouteyre E², Despax J², Bréjard V².

Author information

1

LPCPP, EA 3278, Aix-Marseille Université Maison de la Recherche, 29 Avenue Robert Schuman, 13621, Aix-en-Provence Cédex 1, France. manon.mani@wanadoo.fr.

2

LPCPP, EA 3278, Aix-Marseille Université Maison de la Recherche, 29 Avenue Robert Schuman, 13621, Aix-en-Provence Cédex 1, France.

Abstract

In a context described as a challenge in parenting (having an autistic child), we sought to highlight the emotional skills that mothers gain as a result of interacting with their child, and how they then use these skills. Mothers of autistic children (n = 136) and mothers of non-autistic children (n = 139) responded to emotional intelligence, resilience, and coping scales. Comparisons revealed smaller differences between groups than expected. Nevertheless, mothers of autistic children showed greater resilience abilities than mothers of non-autistic children. Moreover, we noted differences between both groups regarding their use of emotional skills. Emotional intelligence is a resource that deserves to be explored in terms of its clinical implications, especially among the parents of autistic children.

PMID:31463630

DOI:10.1007/s10803-019-04177-9