Aperçu: G.M.
Pour
tester l'hypothèse selon laquelle les anomalies du développement du
corps calleux (CC) contribuent à la pathogenèse de l'autisme, l'étude a caractérisé le type, la topographie et la gravité de la pathologie
CC correspondant aux zones CC réduites qui sont détectées par imagerie
par résonance magnétique dans les cerveaux de 11 personnes avec un diagnostic d'autisme et 11 témoins.
Le
CC sensiblement plus mince, la zone CC réduite et le déficit axonal
uniforme chez tous les sujets autistes ont été classés comme hypoplasie
CC. Ainsi, le sous-produit de l'agénésie et de l'hypoplasie CC partielle
est la réduction des connexions axonales entre les zones corticales
connues pour être impliquées dans les altérations comportementales
observées chez les personnes avec un diagnostic d'autisme.
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2017 Mar 1;76(3):225-237. doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlx003.
Partial Agenesis and Hypoplasia of the Corpus Callosum in Idiopathic Autism
Wegiel J1, Flory M1, Kaczmarski W1, Brown WT1, Chadman K1, Wisniewski T1, Nowicki K1, Kuchna I1, Ma SY1, Wegiel J1.
Author information
- 1
- From the Departments of Developmental Neurobiology (JW, WK, KN, IK, SYM, JW), Research Design and Analysis Services (MF), Human Genetics (WTB), and Behavioral Pharmacology (KC), New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York; and Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York (TW).
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that developmental anomalies of the corpus callosum (CC), contribute to the pathogenesis of autism,
we characterized the type, topography, and severity of CC pathology
corresponding to reduced CC areas that are detected by magnetic
resonance imaging in the brains of 11 individuals with autism and 11 controls. In the brains of 3 autistic
subjects, partial CC agenesis resulted in complete or partial lack of
interhemispheric axonal connections in CC segments III-V. In these
cases, a combination of focal agenesis and uniform axonal deficit caused
reduction of CC areas by 37%, of axon numbers by 62%, and of the
numerical density of axons by 39%. In the CC of 8 autistic
subjects without agenesis, there was an 18% deficit of the midsagittal
CC area, 48.4% deficit of axon numbers, and 37% reduction of the
numerical density of axons. The significantly thinner CC, reduced CC
area, and uniform axonal deficit in all autistic
subjects were classified as CC hypoplasia. Thus, the byproduct of
partial CC agenesis and hypoplasia is reduction of axonal connections
between cortical areas known to be involved in behavioral alterations
observed in people with autism.
2017
American Association of Neuropathologists, Inc. This work is written by
US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US.
- PMID: 28395085
- DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlx003
