Aperçu: G.M. : en comparant la
mémoire autobiographique (sémantique et épisodique) et la connaissance
de soi (auto-connaissance interne / externe et capacités d'introspection
/ mentalisation) de 48 enfants âgés de 11 à 18 ans avec des troubles
du spectre de l'autisme, l'étude montre que les enfants présentaient
des difficultés de mémoire autobiographiques qui se caractérisaient par
une diminution de la récupération des traits de personnalité
sémantique, plus de d'invites initiales pour faciliter la récupération de
la mémoire épisodique et moins de souvenirs épisodiques contenant des
informations émotionnelles et sensorielles. La
connaissance du moi et des autres était également diminuée, avec une
introspection réduite et des capacités mentales plus médiocres. Ils ont également été
identifiés comme présentant une relation atypique entre la mémoire
autobiographique et la connaissance de soi, qui était significativement
différente des jeunes du groupe contrôle se développant avec autisme.
Autism. 2017 Apr;21(3):357-367. doi: 10.1177/1362361316645429. Epub 2016 Jul 9.
Personality traits, autobiographical memory and knowledge of self and others: A comparative study in young people with autism spectrum disorder
Robinson S1, Howlin P2, Russell A3.
Author information
- 1
- 1 Evelina London Children's Hospital, UK.
- 2
- 2 King's College London, UK.
- 3
- 3 University of Bath, UK.
Abstract
The
relationship between dissociable components of autobiographical memory
(e.g. semantic personality traits and episodic memory retrieval) and
other cognitive skills that are proposed to enable one to develop a
sense of self (e.g. introspection) have not previously been explored for
children with autism spectrum disorder. This study compared
autobiographical memory (semantic and episodic) and knowledge of self
(internal/external self-knowledge and introspection/mentalising
abilities) in children (aged 11-18 years) with high-functioning autism
spectrum disorder and typically developing controls (total N = 48).
Novel and standard tasks were employed. Compared to typically developing
controls, young people with autism spectrum disorder had
autobiographical memory difficulties that were characterised by a
reduction in the retrieval of semantic personality traits, with more
initial prompts required to facilitate episodic memory retrieval and
fewer episodic memories containing emotional and sensory information.
Knowledge of the self and others was also impaired, with reduced
introspection and poorer mentalising abilities. Young people with autism
spectrum disorder were also identified as presenting with an atypical
relationship between autobiographical memory and self-knowledge, which
was significantly different from typically developing controls. Test
performance is discussed in relation to the functions of
autobiographical memory, with consideration of how these cognitive
difficulties may contribute to clinical practices and the social and
behavioural characteristics of autism spectrum disorder.
KEYWORDS:
Asperger; cognitive behavioural therapy; externalising; mental states; self-concept; theory of mind
- PMID: 27197697
- DOI: 10.1177/1362361316645429
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