Évaluation des préférences et des performances dans les arrangements de renforcement de réponse cumulée ou distribuée

Aperçu: G.M.

Pour déterminer les effets des accords renforçant les réponses sur la performance et les préférences des tâches, les participants ont exécuté des tâches sur les dispositifs renforçant les réponses accumulés et distribués. Trois hommes chez qui on avait diagnostiqué un "trouble du spectre de l'autisme" ont terminé leurs tâches avant de bénéficier d'un stimulus préféré pendant 5 minutes ou 30 secondes. 

Pour renforcer la distinction entre les deux arrangements, des tableaux de jetons codés par couleur ont été utilisés pour représenter chaque arrangement. 

La réponse a été évaluée dans une conception multi-éléments afin de comparer le taux de réponse entre les conditions pour chaque participant. Une évaluation des préférences a été réalisée après la comparaison pour déterminer si une préférence pour l'un des arrangements était apparue. 

Tous les participants ont produit un taux de réponse plus élevé dans le programme de renforcement accumulé.

Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Aug;98(32):e16794. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000016794.

Emotional problems in mothers of autistic children and their correlation with socioeconomic status and the children's core symptoms

Zhou W¹, Liu D², Xiong X², Xu H¹.

Author information

1

Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University.

2

NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Abstract

To investigate the emotional problems (depressive and anxiety symptoms) of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and explore the role of the mother's socioeconomic status (SES) and the core symptoms of the child on the mother's emotional problems.This cross-sectional survey was performed in 180 mothers of children with ASD in Chang Sha city of China. The 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess the anxiety and depressive symptoms of the mothers of the autistic children. The education level and annual family income, as well as occupation, were be selected as components of the mother's SES. Autism Behaviour Checklist (ABC) and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) were used for the evaluation of the core symptoms of the children. A general information questionnaire was also used. The ordinal regression was used to examine the effect of the SES and children's core symptoms on maternal emotional problems.The valid response rate was 92.7% (167 of 180 questionnaires were returned). Of the mothers studied, 72.5% and 80.2% had depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively, and 67.1% suffered from both symptoms. Mother's SES was observed to be unrelated to maternal anxiety symptoms (P >.05). Only 1 component of the SES (junior high school education level) was related to depressive symptoms (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.80). SRS score under 115 (OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.16-0.93) of autistic children was a protective factor against maternal anxiety symptoms. The borderline and mild behavioral problems (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.19-0.99; OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22-0.94, respectively) of autistic children were protective factors against maternal depressive symptoms.Mothers of autistic children generally exhibited high levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. The core symptoms of the autistic children were observed to be strongly associated with both maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms. Improvements in the core symptoms of children with ASD may help reduce maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms to some extent.

PMID:31393408

DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000016794