14 mai 2017

Pharmacogénomique et efficacité du traitement à long terme par rispéridone chez les enfants et les adolescents autistes thaïlandais

Aperçu: G.M.
L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer l'association des facteurs pharmacogénomiques et des résultats cliniques chez les enfants et les adolescents autistes qui ont été traités avec de la risperidone pendant de longues périodes. Quatre-vingt-deux sujets autistes diagnostiqués avec DSM-IV et qui ont été traités avec de la risperidone pendant plus d'un an ont été recrutés.  
La pharmacogénomique et les résultats cliniques (CGI-I, agressif, suractivité et score répétitif) ont été évalués.  
Presque tous les patients présentaient des symptômes stables sur le comportement agressif (89,02%), la suractivité (71,95%), le comportement répétitif (70,89%) et tous les symptômes cliniques (81,71%).  
L'augmentation de l'appétit était la réaction indésirable la plus fréquente et associée à un poids corporel plus élevé, alors qu'elle n'était pas significativement associée aux variations génétiques et à l'information non génétique. En conclusion, la rispéridone a montré une efficacité pour lutter contre l'autisme, en particulier les symptômes agressifs dans le traitement à long terme. Cependant, Taq1A T-carrier du gène du récepteur dopamine2 est associée à une réponse non stable chez les patients traités par risperidone.    
 
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2017 May 4. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.12803.

Pharmacogenomics and Efficacy of Risperidone Long-Term Treatment in Thai Autistic Children and Adolescents

Author information

1
Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
2
Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
3
Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
4
Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Samut Prakarn, Thailand.
5
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
6
University of Groningen, Unit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology & -Economics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
7
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pharmacogenomic factors and clinical outcomes in autistic children and adolescents who were treated with risperidone for long periods. Eighty-two autistic subjects diagnosed with DSM-IV and who were treated with risperidone for more than 1 year were recruited. Pharmacogenomics and clinical outcome (CGI-I, aggressive, over-activity and repetitive score) were evaluated. Almost all patients showed stable symptoms on aggressive behaviour (89.02%), over-activity (71.95%), repetitive (70.89%) behavior and all clinical symptoms (81.71%). Only 4.48% of patients showed minimally worse CGI-I score. Patients in the non-stable symptom group had DRD2 Taq1A non-wildtype (TT and CT) frequencies higher than the clinically stable group (P = 0.04), whereas other gene polymorphisms showed no significant association. Haplotype ACCTCAT (rs6311, rs1045642, rs1128503, rs1800497, rs4436578, rs1799978, rs6280) showed a significant association with non-stable clinical outcome (χ2 = 6.642, p = 0.010). Risperidone levels showed no association with any clinical outcomes. On the other hand, risperidone dose, 9-OH Risperidone levels and prolactin levels were significantly higher in the non-stable compared to the stable symptom group (P = 0.013, P = 0.044, P = 0.030). Increased appetite was the most common adverse drug reaction and associated with higher body weight, whereas it was not significantly associated with genetic variations and non-genetic information. In conclusion, risperidone showed efficacy to control autism, especially aggressive symptoms in long-term treatment. However, Taq1A T - carrier of dopamine2 receptor gene is associated with non-stable response in risperidone-treated patients. This study supports pharmacogenomics testing for personalized therapy with risperidone in autistic children and adolescents. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PMID: 28470827
DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12803

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