Risque d'autisme après un antidépresseur pendant la grossesse

Aperçu: G.M.

Les médicaments avec des antidépresseurs pendant la grossesse ne semblent pas être associés à un risque accru de TSA chez la progéniture. Au lieu de cela, les résultats suggèrent que l'association s'explique par des facteurs liés à la susceptibilité sous-jacente aux troubles psychiatriques. Sur la base de ces résultats, le risque de TSA chez la progéniture ne devrait pas être pris en considération pour refuser le traitement avec des antidépresseurs couramment utilisés chez les femmes enceintes.

Psychol Med. 2017 May 22:1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0033291717001301.

Autism risk following antidepressant medication during pregnancy

Viktorin A¹, Uher R², Reichenberg A¹, Levine SZ³, Sandin S¹.

Author information

1

Department of Psychiatry,Icahn School of Medicine,Mount Sinai,New York, NY,USA.

2

Department of Psychiatry,Dalhousie University,Halifax,Nova Scotia,Canada.

3

Department of Community Mental Health,University of Haifa,Haifa,Israel.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Previous studies have examined if maternal antidepressant medication during pregnancy increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the offspring, but the results have been conflicting.

METHODS:

In a population-based cohort of 179 007 children born in 2006 and 2007 and followed through 2014 when aged 7 and 8, we estimated relative risks (RRs) of ASD and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from Cox regression in children exposed to any antidepressant medication during pregnancy, and nine specific antidepressant drugs. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and were conducted in the full population sample, and in a clinically relevant sub-sample of mothers with at least one diagnosis of depression or anxiety during life.

RESULTS:

The adjusted RR of ASD in children of mothers who used antidepressant medication during pregnancy was estimated at 1.23 (95% CI 0.96-1.57), and at 1.07 (95% CI 0.80-1.43) in women with a history of depression or anxiety. Analyses of specific antidepressants initially revealed increased RRs of offspring ASD confined to citalopram and escitalopram (RR: 1.47; 95% CI 0.92-2.35) and clomipramine (RR: 2.86; 95% CI 1.04-7.82).

CONCLUSION:

Medication with antidepressants during pregnancy does not appear to be causally associated with an increased risk of ASD in the offspring. Instead, the results suggest that the association is explained by factors related to the underlying susceptibility to psychiatric disorders. Based on these findings, the risk of ASD in the offspring should not be a consideration to withhold treatment with commonly used antidepressant drugs from pregnant women.

PMID: 28528584

DOI: 10.1017/S0033291717001301