27 juin 2017

La compréhension de la prosodie syntaxique et affective chez les adultes avec un diagnostic de "trouble du spectre de l'autisme" sans déficiences intellectuelles

Aperçu: G.M.
Deux expériences ont été menées: 
(a) une tâche d'achèvement de la phrase en ligne contenant des ambiguïtés locales sujet / objet et 
(b) une tâche de prosodie affective explorant la compréhension de six émotions. 
Les personnes avec un diagnostic de TSA sans déficit cognitif font face à de légères difficultés avec le décodage de la prosodie, à la fois syntaxique et affective. Plus précisément, ces difficultés sont attestées dans les conditions les plus difficiles, c'est-à-dire la lecture du sujet et l'émotion de la surprise.

J Psycholinguist Res. 2017 Jun 24. doi: 10.1007/s10936-017-9500-4.

The Comprehension of Syntactic and Affective Prosody by Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Accompanying Cognitive Deficits

Author information

1
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
2
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. depapa@lit.auth.gr.

Abstract

The present study investigates the comprehension of syntactic and affective prosody in adults with autism spectrum disorder without accompanying cognitive deficits (ASD w/o cognitive deficits) as well as age-, education- and gender-matched unimpaired adults, while processing orally presented sentences. Two experiments were conducted: (a) an on-line sentence completion task containing local subject/object ambiguities and (b) an affective prosody task exploring the comprehension of six emotions. The syntactic prosody task revealed that the experimental group performed similar to the control group on the fillers and the object condition. On the other hand, the ASD w/o cognitive deficits group manifested lower accuracy compared to the unimpaired controls in the subject reading condition, as well as slower reaction times in all conditions. In the affective prosody task, the experimental group performed significantly worse than the controls in the recognition of the emotion of surprise, whereas no differences between the experimental and the control group were attested in the recognition of all other emotions. A positive correlation was found between the two tasks in the ASD w/o cognitive deficits group. Thus, individuals with ASD w/o cognitive deficits face slight difficulties with the decoding of prosody, both the syntactic and the affective one. More specifically, these difficulties are attested in the most difficult conditions, i.e. the subject reading and the emotion of surprise.
PMID:28647830
DOI:10.1007/s10936-017-9500-4

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