Traduction: G.M.
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 15;12(6):e0179458. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179458. eCollection 2017.
Concurrent development of facial identity and expression discrimination
Author information
- 1
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
- 2
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
- 3
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America.
- 4
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Abstract
L'identité
faciale et le traitement de l'expression du visage semblent tous deux
suivre une trajectoire de développement prolongée, mais ces trajectoires
ont été étudiées de manière indépendante et n'ont pas été directement
comparées. Nous
avons étudié si ces processus se développent aux mêmes taux ou à des
taux différents en utilisant des tâches identiques et des tâches de
discrimination d'expression. La tâche Identité commence par un visage cible qui est un morph entre deux identités (Identité A / Identité B). Après
un bref délai, le visage cible est remplacé par deux visages choisis:
100% Identité A et 100% Identité B. Les enfants de 5 à 12 ans ont été
invités à choisir le visage le plus proche de l'identité cible.
La
tâche Expression est associée en format et en difficulté à la tâche
Identité, sauf que les cibles sont des morphes entre deux expressions
(colère/joie ou dégoût/surprise). Les mêmes enfants ont été invités à choisir le visage avec l'expression qui ressemble le mieux à l'expression cible. Il
y a eu des effets importants de l'âge, avec une amélioration de la performance
(plus précis et plus rapide) sur les deux tâches avec l'âge. Les
temps de précision et de réaction n'étaient pas significativement
différentes entre les tâches et il n'y avait pas d'interaction
significative avec Age et Tâche. Ainsi,
l'identité du visage et la discrimination de l'expression du visage
semblent se développer à un rythme similaire, avec une amélioration
comparable à l'égard des deux tâches de l'âge de cinq à douze ans. Parce que nos tâches sont tellement adaptées au format et à la
difficulté, elles peuvent s'avérer utiles pour tester l'identité du
visage et le traitement de l'expression du visage dans des populations
spéciales, comme l'autisme ou la prosopagnosie, où une de ces capacités
pourrait être altérée.
Facial identity and facial expression processing both appear to follow a protracted developmental trajectory, yet these trajectories have been studied independently and have not been directly compared. Here we investigated whether these processes develop at the same or different rates using matched identity and expression discrimination tasks. The Identity task begins with a target face that is a morph between two identities (Identity A/Identity B). After a brief delay, the target face is replaced by two choice faces: 100% Identity A and 100% Identity B. Children 5-12-years-old were asked to pick the choice face that is most similar to the target identity. The Expression task is matched in format and difficulty to the Identity task, except the targets are morphs between two expressions (Angry/Happy, or Disgust/Surprise). The same children were asked to pick the choice face with the expression that is most similar to the target expression. There were significant effects of age, with performance improving (becoming more accurate and faster) on both tasks with increasing age. Accuracy and reaction times were not significantly different across tasks and there was no significant Age x Task interaction. Thus, facial identity and facial expression discrimination appear to develop at a similar rate, with comparable improvement on both tasks from age five to twelve. Because our tasks are so closely matched in format and difficulty, they may prove useful for testing face identity and face expression processing in special populations, such as autism or prosopagnosia, where one of these abilities might be impaired.
Facial identity and facial expression processing both appear to follow a protracted developmental trajectory, yet these trajectories have been studied independently and have not been directly compared. Here we investigated whether these processes develop at the same or different rates using matched identity and expression discrimination tasks. The Identity task begins with a target face that is a morph between two identities (Identity A/Identity B). After a brief delay, the target face is replaced by two choice faces: 100% Identity A and 100% Identity B. Children 5-12-years-old were asked to pick the choice face that is most similar to the target identity. The Expression task is matched in format and difficulty to the Identity task, except the targets are morphs between two expressions (Angry/Happy, or Disgust/Surprise). The same children were asked to pick the choice face with the expression that is most similar to the target expression. There were significant effects of age, with performance improving (becoming more accurate and faster) on both tasks with increasing age. Accuracy and reaction times were not significantly different across tasks and there was no significant Age x Task interaction. Thus, facial identity and facial expression discrimination appear to develop at a similar rate, with comparable improvement on both tasks from age five to twelve. Because our tasks are so closely matched in format and difficulty, they may prove useful for testing face identity and face expression processing in special populations, such as autism or prosopagnosia, where one of these abilities might be impaired.
- PMID:28617825
- DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0179458
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