Aperçu: G.M.
La plasticité synaptique est essentielle pour les ajustements dépendants de l'expérience de la fonction cérébrale. Bien
que la plupart des recherches se concentrent sur les mécanismes qui
sous-tendent les formes de plasticité postsynaptiques, on connaît
relativement peu de choses sur la façon dont la libération de
neurotransmetteurs est modifiée à long terme.
La plasticité pré-synaptique aberrante est un facteur convergent de
synaptopathies comme la schizophrénie, la dépendance et les "troubles du
spectre de l'autisme", et peut être une cible potentielle pour le
traitement.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 May 29;45:106-112. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.011.
Closing the gap: long-term presynaptic plasticity in brain function and disease
Monday HR1, Castillo PE2.
Author information
- 1
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
- 2
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States. Electronic address: pablo.castillo@einstein.yu.edu.
Abstract
Synaptic
plasticity is critical for experience-dependent adjustments of brain
function. While most research has focused on the mechanisms that
underlie postsynaptic forms of plasticity, comparatively little is known
about how neurotransmitter release is altered in a long-term manner.
Emerging research suggests that many of the features of canonical
'postsynaptic' plasticity, such as associativity, structural changes and
bidirectionality, also characterize long-term presynaptic plasticity.
Recent studies demonstrate that presynaptic plasticity is a potent
regulator of circuit output and function. Moreover, aberrant presynaptic
plasticity is a convergent factor of synaptopathies like schizophrenia,
addiction, and Autism Spectrum Disorders, and may be a potential target
for treatment.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- PMID:28570863
- DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.011
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